Vehicle Tracking System Through GPS-GSM Modules

 Vehicle Tracking System Through GPS-GSM Modems:The vehicle tracking system is a system, that can be used for tracking the bus, car or any other types of vehicle through global positioning system(GPS). Through this system, the vehicle can be tracked all time through mobile phone or any other computer network system. Various companies or peoples are working on this vehicle tracking global positioning system but their system cost is almost high. Here we are developing a vehicle tracking system through GPS-GSM modem with the help of microcontroller 18F542 belongs to pic family. Which tells the exact location and position of the vehicle through global positioning system.

This system is powered up with the help of transformer, bridge rectifier, and voltage regulator. The max232 is used for the communication purposes between the GPS, GSM modems and pic microcontroller, and this communication is done through the connector DB9. The LCD display is used here for seeing the exact location and data or information of the vehicle. The GSM modem have been also used in this system for getting the information or data about the vehicle through smart mobile phone.

The Block Diagram of Vehicle Tracking System Through GPS-GSM Modems

The Block Diagram of Vehicle Tracking System Through GPS-GSM is shown below

Components List of Vehicle Tracking System through GPS-GSM Modems:

This vehicle tracking system through GPS-GSM has following components,

1. Power Supply
2. LCD Display
3. Max 232
4. Microcontroller PIC 18F452
5. GPS Modem
6. GSM Modem
7. DB 9

Power Supply:The vehicle tracking system through GPS-GSM modem is powered up with 220V ac supply. These 220V ac voltages are step down in to 12V ac through the transformer, which works on the principle of mutual induction and consists of one primary and one secondary windings. These ac voltages are inverted into 12V dc through the bridge rectifier which consists of 4 diodes. Because the microcontroller, LCD display and max 232 operated on 5V dc therefore these voltages are regulated into 5V dc through the voltage regulator. The LM7805 voltage regulator have been used in this vehicle tracking system through GPS-GSM.

LCD Display: In this vehicle tracking system through GPS-GSM modem, a 16*2 LCD display have been used for displaying the vehicle data or information. This LCD display is powered up with LM 7805 voltage regulator and is interfaced with the pic 18F452 microcontroller which gives the data or information to the LCD display.

Max 232: The max232 is a 16-pin integrated dip package, which consists of three major blocks and is powered by 5V dc supply. In this vehicle tracking system the GPS and GSM modules are interfaced with microcontroller and this interfacing is not possible without max 232.This IC is used for serial communication between the GPS, GSM module and microcontroller. Because it converts the serial port signal to the TTL logic signal. It is a dual driver IC in other words it can send or receive the signal which comes from GPS, GSM module or microcontroller.

Microcontroller PIC 18F452: In vehicle tracking system, the pic microcontroller has been used for the intelligent control of this system. The PIC stands for peripheral interface controller and in this system, it interfaced with the GSM and GPS module through max 232.The GPS module receives the vehicle tracking information signal in the form of longitude and latitude and then sends this signal to the microcontroller. Then the microcontroller processes the exact location and detail which gets from the GPS module and sends the information signal or data to the GSM modem. Then the GSM sends this information message or data to the concern authority or user on their mobile phone.

GPS Modem: In this vehicle tracking system, the GPS modem is only used for identifying the exact location of the vehicle. It gets the vehicle information in the form of longitude and latitude via geo satellite which revolves around the whole earth surface. This modem sends this information to the microcontroller through the max 232.

GSM Modem:In this vehicle tracking system, the GSM modem is only used for sending the vehicle information or data to the concern authority or user on their mobile phone. This modem gets this information or data from microcontroller through max 232

DB 9:The DB9 is just a 9-pin connector, which is only used for serial communication between two devices. In this vehicle tracking system 2, DB9 connectors have been used one for GPS modem and one for GSM modem, for the connection between max 232 and these two modems.

Working of Vehicle Tracking System Through GPS-GSM modem:

The working of this vehicle tracking system through GPS-GSM modem is very simple, firstly we connect all the components as per the above block diagram. Then switch on this vehicle tracking system by pressing the push button. The LED is also connected with in this system for checking the activation of this system and this LED is blinking on till for that time when system has completely activated. Then we add the authorized or user mobile no.by pressing the push button. Now the GPS modem which have the antenna, receives the vehicle information or data signal in the form of longitude and latitude and send this information or data to the microcontroller. The microcontroller display this data at the LCD display and send this information or data too, to the authorized or user mobile phone through the GSM modem. Similarly, the user can easily know the information or data about vehicle.

Applications and Advantages of Vehicle Tracking System Through GPS-GSM Modems:

1. This system is very useful for that peoples, who keenly want to track their vehicle all the time.
2. This system can be used for tracking the Buses, car and motor bike.
3. By using this system we can save our vehicles from theft.
4. This system is very easy to install.
5. This system is less costly and more reliable.