pure sine wave inverter A-Z

Pure sine wave Inverter using pic microcontroller, power inverter, solar inverter and grid tie inverter are manufacture now a days in two ways:

  • Switch mode power supply method
  • Common method or old method
Diagrams below shows the difference between both methods.
SMPS INVERTER
SMPS INVERTER

 

Old/ common method using step up transformer:

 

SMPS INVERTER
Commom INVERTER

In above diagrams both methods are used in inverters. But SMPS method is used in latest pure sine wave inverter. Because Switch mode power supplies are more efficient than old method. SMPS method have high efficiency, low harmonics distortion and low stand by losses. I will also discuss SMPS method in these tutorials on Pure sine wave inverter.

In first diagram two square wave outputs are used to drive MOSFETS of push pull converter. If you are generating square waves with microcontroller.Then you have to use mosfet driver like IR2210 to drive push pull converter mofets. You can also use pwm controller IC’s to generate two square wave. The advantage of using PWM controller IC’s is that you don’t have to used MOSFET driver. SG3525 PWM controller IC have built in mosfet driver using totem pole and another advantage is that one can easily implement feedback through these IC’s. I will explain SG3525 use in next tutorial.

Selection of mosfets depend on power rating of your inverter design. Commonly IRF3205 is used in most of inveters. Push pull topology is used due to its high power handling capability and we want to step up DC voltage from 12/24 volt to 311 volt ( peak of sine wave voltage). Chopper or high frequency transformer is used step up Dc voltage. Rectifier is used to rectify voltage into pure DC after chopper. Selection of diodes for rectifier circuit also depend on power rating of power inverter.One should check maximum forward current and voltage capability of diodes. It is better to use LC filter after rectifier circuit. But if you use capacitor of 400V , it will also work fine.

After rectification 311 volt output from Dc/dc to converter is fed to H bridge. H bridge is used to generate positive and negative cycle of AC voltage. H bridge switches selection also depend on power rating of power inverter. I have used IRF840 in my final year project “hybrid pure sine wave inveter”. IRF840 work fine by using proper heat sinks with them. SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation)  technique is used to generate pure sine wave ouput from inverter. PIC16F877A microcontroller is used to generate SPWM . These SPWM waves are fed to MOSFETS of H bridge. H bridge Mosfets are operated in such a way that a pulsating output is obtained from H bridge output. The generated SPWM is shown in figure below:

SPWM
SPWM

Output of H bridge is fed to LC filter to remove harmonics from output. Neat and clean sine wave output can be obtained by using proper LC filter. I have just try to give you brief overview of pure sine wave inverter or SMPS method pure sine wave inverter. Before making pure sine wave inverter one should keep these things in mind:

  • Power electronics circuits are very complicated.
  •  You may have to make your circuits again and again to find issues.
  • Components selection is very critical like MOSFETS, MOSFET drivers and LC Filter values selection

I have written complete articles on each block of SMPS base pure sine wave inverter. Click on following articles to learn about their use and ways to diagnose problems in thses circuits.

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I hope you must learn useful knowledge by reading these articles. I love to reply to your comments. So share your problems in comments. If you feel, I helped you in getting new and useful knowledge, kindly don’t forget to share it with your friends and on social media by clicking on left side social media sharing plugins. Good luck for your project completion 🙂

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32 thoughts on “pure sine wave inverter A-Z”

  1. hey brother it is very interesting to read your articles …..you said that in push pull topology it is better to use LC filter after rectifier or we can use capacitor of value 400v…….
    i just to want to know the values for L and C……and if i will use capacitor then which of the capacitor you are talking about……..is this capacitor you already used in the push pull topology……..

    and what if i don’t use LC filter or any capacitor……….
    id: [email protected]

    Reply

    • thanks for your compliments 🙂
      yeah either you can use polar capacitor of 400 volt . You can also use LC filter. L values , you can use around 5mH and yes the same capacitor which I have used already in circuit diagram.

      Reply

  6. please sir let us see the circuit diagram of the LC filter. i need the circuit for proper connection. 2.2uf, 5mH right? please give us the circuit. thanks

    Reply

  12. I have a grid tie inverter 1000w there are 13 mosfet transistors on DC side
    one transistor is shortcut-ed and bad and more if them seems to be bad also
    the mosfet transistors don´t have a name no model number nothing
    I don´t know what to replace them with

    Can i replace them with Mosfet IRF3205 does anybody know ?
    Commonly Mosfet IRF3205 is used in most of inveters it say here

    the inverter has 20-50 volt dc input and 230 volt ac output
    it is a chines GTI 1000watt type inverter

    Reply

  15. sir ,
    I have a doubt
    can i give 12V dc instead of 310V dc for the same circuit that you have explained above .
    will it work ?
    will it give 12vAC as the inverter output?

    Reply

  23. Do you sell these designs and programming or complete modules?

    Im interested in Variable Frequency output Solar inverters in
    a)1.2kw 200vdc to 120VAC single phase
    b) 5kW 350vdc input to 220VAC single phase output

    Reply

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