PT8211 is a 16-Bit dual-channel Digital to Analogue converter chip. It is typically a dual-channel DAC that is specifically intended for the applications concerned with digital audio. This DAC chip uses CMOS technology. As the name suggests, it depends on 16-bit and the inner engineering depends on the R-2R resistor ladder network. R-2R ladder is … Read more
In this tutorial, we will discuss 5V single channel relay modules and their important features such as pinout, pin configuration details, features, working, interfacing with microcontrollers and applications. Relay is an electro-mechnical device which acts as a switch. DC electrical current is used to energize the relay coil which opens or closes the contact switches. … Read more
SDS011 is an air quality measurement sensor which can be used to get dust particles and smoke concentration in the air. More precisely, it can measure particulate matter (MP) concentrations in the air. It can detect the dust particles concentration between 0.3 to 10um. Most importantly, Nova PM dust sensor provides an interrupt based response … Read more
GP2Y1014AU0F is an optical dust sensor that means it senses dust by using an optical sensing system such as a light source. It is used to detect dust particles in the air. Additionally, it can be used to measure air quality. Its internal circuitry consists of a simple infrared light emitting diode and a photo … Read more
2SC828 is an NPN type silicon epitaxial planar transistor. It is used for switching and signal amplification in audio AF based applications. This transistor is designed for low power applications. Because peak and normal collector dc current is 100mA and 50mA respectively. Recommended Components The following parts are used in this article, along with a … Read more
In this tutorial, we will learn to use EL357 optocoupler IC Compact 4 Pin SOP IC. It is a phototransistor and LED based photocoupler which provides high voltage isolation between input and output sources. The isolation voltage can be upto 3750 volts RMS value. Recommended Components The following parts are used in this article, along … Read more
74LS323 is an 8-bit universal shift-storage register having 3-state outputs with the feature of Synchronous Reset. Pin count has been minimized in it using parallel load inputs and flip flops outputs. In order to provide cascading without any trouble, separate inputs and outputs are available for flip-flops. Recommended Components The following parts are used in … Read more
74LS164 is a high speed shift register with serial input of data and parallel output of data. It is an 8-bit IC. That means data goes into IC bit by bit serially and 8-bit data appears on the output pins. Data at serial input is fed through 1 input AND gate and it is synchronous … Read more
In this tutorial, we will talk about 74LS83 4-bit full adder IC. Firstly, we will see an introduction of half and full adder. After that, we will learn to implement 4-bit full adder functionality using 74LS83. Recommended Components The following parts are used in this article, along with a generic electronics kit that is handy … Read more
PIC16F887 Microcontroller is an 8-bit microcontroller designed with RSIC CPU technology, which helps the microcontroller to give the maximum output using less power. It has a total of 40-pins and all these pins come in multiple packages to solve the requirement of small and modern circuits. 44 pin QFN and TQFP packages are also available. … Read more