Electric Energy Theft Intimation System Using PIC Microcontroller

Electric Energy Theft Intimation System Based on GSM Modem Using PIC Microcontroller: The electric energy theft intimation system is very important in this is modern world, where the peoples are introducing a newly methods, for theft the electric energy. With the passage of time, the demand of energy is increasing day by day, but unfortunately, the percentage of theft electric energy is also increasing day by day. This is an ambiguous problem all over the world specially in Pakistan, so we must need a system to overcome this problem. Here we are developing a new electric energy theft intimation system based on GSM modem.

This system would be installed prior to the consumer energy meter. When any one or consumer would steal the electrical energy, in other words in this condition the consumer will be consume the lager energy as compared to the normal energy. Then this system will be sense this energy and cut off the power supply to the consumer side. This is designed with the help of pic microcontroller 18F452, GSM modem for connect this system to the wireless network, LCD display,transformer,bridge rectifier, voltage regulator, max 232, energy meter and optocoupler.

Block Diagram of Electric Energy Theft Intimation System Based on GSM modem Using PIC Microcontroller

Figure below shows the Block Diagram of Electric Energy Theft Intimation System Based on GSM modem Using PIC Microcontroller

Electric Energy Theft Intimation System Based on GSM Modem Using PIC Microcontroller

Components List of Electric Energy Theft Intimation System Based on GSM Using PIC Microcontroller

This electric energy theft intimation system has following components,

  1. Energy Meter
  2. Optocoupler
  3. GSM Modem
  4. Pic Microcontroller
  5. Transformer
  6. Bridge Rectifier
  7. Voltage Regulator
  8. MAX 232
  9. LCD Display
  10. DB9

Energy Meter: Energy meter is basically, the watt meter which tells us, how much energy or watt we have consumed in one hour. It measures the energy in kwh. This meter is interfaced with microcontroller through the optocoupler.

Optocoupler:Optocoupler is 6 pins integrated circuit components, which transfers the electric signal between two electrically isolated circuits using the light. It consists of a light emitter such as, LEDs and sensitive light receiver such as photo diode or photo transistor. When any one or consumer theft the electric energy then the optocoupler sense this energy, and give the signal to the microcontroller. During this condition the microcontroller turn off the electric energy of consumer.

GSM Modem: The GSM modem in electric energy theft intimation system is used for connecting this system to the wireless network. The data or intimation is received or sent through this GSM modem and the microcontroller on or the off the electric energy of consumer based on this intimation or data. Therefore, this is very significant component of this system.

PIC Microcontroller: In electric energy theft intimation system, the microcontroller is also a very significant component, without this the whole system can’t do anything. In this system, the microcontroller PIC18F452 have been used which is belongs to pic family. It is 34 pin 8-bit integrated circuit component, which also have ram, rom and processor. It is programmed with c language through the keil software and is interfaced with optocoupler, GSM modem through max232 and LCD display. The optocoupler sent the signal to the microcontroller, which is programed according to the consumer energy, when the consumer or any other one consume more energy from its programmed energy then the microcontroller on or off the consumer supply. The energy meter can also see at LCD display.

Transformer:In electric energy theft intimation system, the transformer is only used for connecting this system directly to the wapda power supply. It converts the 220V ac into 12V ac.

Bridge Rectifier:The bridge rectifier converts the 12V ac into dc for supplying the power to the other components. It is made of 4 back to back diodes.

Voltage Regulator:The voltage regulator is connected at the output of bridge rectifier for regulating the dc voltage. The microcontroller, LCD and max 232 are powered up through voltage regulator.

Max 232: The max 232 is dual channel integrated component which is only used here for serial communication between the microcontroller and GSM modem.

LCD Display:The LCD display is used here only for displaying the data or intimation which is sends by the microcontroller.

DB9:The DB9 is just a connector, which is used here only for connecting the GSM modem and max 232.

Working Principle of Electric Energy Theft Intimation System:

The working principle of this electric energy theft intimation is so much simple. Here we would be explaining this with a simple example. For understanding this, we will be connecting the two loads first one will be connect after the energy meter which is basically the actual load and second one will be connect before the energy meter which is basically the theft load. Firstly, we would be check the GSM modem function by sending the message from mobile phone. When this is ok then, we would be on the load which is after the energy meter during this the system would be work normally. After this we would be on the load which is before the energy meter. When on this load then the system power off the whole supply of energy meter. During this time the system send the electricity theft intimation message to the mobile phone. This is basically the warn message, that someone is stealing the electricity. This message is send by the microcontroller though the GSM modem.

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Advantages of Electric Energy Theft Intimation System:

The electric energy theft intimation system has following advantages,

  1. This system can be easily installed before for consumer energy meter for checking the consumer status.
  2. By using this the energy losses can be reduced by escaping the electric energy theft peoples.
  3. This system can be used for power on or off the consumer supply.
  4. By using this system the man power can be reduced because all the information about any consumer can be seen at the substation

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